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Stefan’s law states that the energy radiated per second by unit area of a black body at thermodynamic temperature T is directly proportional to T4. The constant of proportionality is the Stefan constant, equal to 5.670400× 10–8 Wm–2 K–4. This practical will
We are required to calibrate the Voltmeter to know about its error and adjust it to get near to ideal readings. In this practical we will show you how to calibrate the voltmeter using a Potentiometer. Practical of calibration of Voltmeter using Potentiometer Watch
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. We will study the input and
The junction gate field-effect transistor, or JFET, is the simplest type of field-effect transistor. In a junction field-effect transistor, or JFET, the controlled current passes from source to drain, or from drain to source as the case may be. The controlling
A clamping circuit is used to place either the positive or negative peak of a signal at a desired level. The DC component is simply added or subtracted to/from the input signal. The clamper is also referred to as an IC
When P and N semiconductors are joined to make the PN junction semiconductor diode, the electrons near the PN junction jump from N to P and holes near the junction jump from P to N. This phenomenon creates a depletion
Zener diodes are a special type of semiconductor diode– devices that allow current to flow in one direction only –that also allow current to flow in the opposite direction, but only when exposed to enough voltage. We will learn about
Clippers or (clipping circuits) are used to prevent the output of a circuit from exceeding a predetermined voltage level without distorting and protecting the circuit from high voltage spikes. The types of clipping circuits (or clippers) are negative clipping circuit and
Shunt DC Motors operate on direct current. As such, the field windings and armature are connected in a parallel combination, and in electrical terminology a parallel combination is known as a shunt. This type of motor is a “shunt-wound” DC