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Refrigeration is the transportation of heat from one location to another location to lower the temperature in an controlled environment. In a vapour compression refrigeration unit, the refrigerant undergoes phase changes which is one of the many refrigeration cycles and
Tensile strength is a measurement of the force required to pull something such as rope, wire, or a structural beam to the point where it breaks. Tensile strength of an can be measured by testing it with an Universal Testing
We are required to calibrate the Ammeter to know about its error and adjust it to get near to ideal readings. In this practical we will show you how to calibrate the ammeter using a Potentiometer. Practical of calibration of Ammeter using Potentiometer
Specific Resistance is a measure of the potential electrical resistance of a conductive material. It is determined experimentally using the equation ρ = RA/l (Law of Resistance), where R is the measured resistance of some length of the material, A is its
A spectral line is like a fingerprint that can be used to identify the atoms, elements or molecules. It is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from emission or absorption of light in a
Stefan’s law states that the energy radiated per second by unit area of a black body at thermodynamic temperature T is directly proportional to T4. The constant of proportionality is the Stefan constant, equal to 5.670400× 10–8 Wm–2 K–4. This practical will
Band Gap (or energy gap) is an energy difference which an electron should attain to break free of it’s bounded state. When the band gap energy is met, the electron is excited into a free state, and can therefore participate in
We are required to calibrate the Voltmeter to know about its error and adjust it to get near to ideal readings. In this practical we will show you how to calibrate the voltmeter using a Potentiometer. Practical of calibration of Voltmeter using Potentiometer Watch
The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress. In this practical we will show you how to determine the coefficient of viscosity of water by Poiseulle’s Method. Practical to
Magnetic fields are produced by electric currents, which can be macroscopic currents in wires, or microscopic currents associated with electrons in atomic orbits. We will show you how to determine the variation of magnetic field along axis of current carrying